Background Library

The farm bill dates back to 1933. Learn how it has evolved over time.

Congress reauthorizes the farm bill every 5 years. This primer explains the legislative process.

Learn about the programs that support grains, oilseeds, cotton, sugar and dairy.

Learn about conservation programs that pay farmers to conserve natural resources, and others that require basic conservation measures.

Learn how the farm bill authorizes international food aid and facilitates American agricultural exports.

Learn about Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, our nation’s largest anti-hunger safety net.

Learn about the complex farm credit system, essential for new and established producers alike.

Learn how USDA support economic development, healthcare, broadband and other essential infrastructure across rural America.

Learn about the government’s role in supporting, conducting, and disseminating basic and applied agricultural research.

Learn about national priorities for forest management, conservation and emergency reforestation.

Learn about support for renewable energy, energy efficiency and biofuels.

Learn about support for fruits and vegetables, local and regional food systems, and the National Organics Program.

Learn how the government provides a broad agricultural safety net through the heavily subsidized federal crop insurance program.

Read about the grab bag of programs from feral swine eradication to outreach for socially disadvantaged and minority farmers.